This is the basic circuit of my project. The function of this circuit is just to run the PIC16F877.
As you all know that the PIC16F877 can only receive maximum 5v of supply. If the supply is more then 5v, the IC will burn or damage. But in the real world, we can get the supply power from battery or adapter. Your adapter can be 9v to 15v and you cannot direct connect the power supply to the PIC, otherwise, your PIC will burn or damage. To overcome this problem, the regulator is used in this circuit because this regulator is function to reduce the power from high voltage to 5v. And I take 1000nF for the capacitor near the regulator because 1000nF is faster then 100nF to reduce the noise.
The LED near the regulator is function to alert me that there is power or not in the circuit by LED will on when there is a power and LED will off if there is no power in the circuit.
To set the reset button in this circuit, the switch button is connected to the MCLR pin of PIC16F877.
20 MHz crystal is used in this circuit because PIC16F877 peripheral said that this PIC can accept until 20MHz of pulse. If more then 20MHz, the PIC cannot run the program that burned inside them. Crystal is one of the important component that need to have in every circuit that used PIC or microcontroller. It is because this crystal is like a heart beat of the PIC. It control the pulse of the program inside the PIC. And I choose 20MHz because it is the fastest pulse that PIC16F877 can support and the program inside the PIC can be run faster then 8MHz or else.
The process of circuit design can cover systems ranging from complex electronic systems all the way down to the individual transistors within an integrated circuit. Thanks a lot.
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